How enactive realism in a game’s visual and gameplay design can affect immersion and player engagement

Chong, Shu Ning (2026) How enactive realism in a game’s visual and gameplay design can affect immersion and player engagement. Final Year Project, UTAR.

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Abstract

Many people believe that video game realism depends entirely on high-quality graphics. However, this study argues that realistic gameplay mechanics are more important for creating immersion than photorealistic visuals. Using Crescent Bay, a low-poly fishing simulation game, this research tests whether "enactive realism"—where players perform tasks that mimic real-world effort—can make a game feel immersive even with simple graphics. The study is based on Self-Determination Theory, which suggests that players feel engaged when they feel competent and in control. A mixed-methods approach was used, involving three participants with different gaming habits (a student, a competitive gamer, and a casual gamer). Each participant played the game freely while their playtime was recorded, followed by a short interview about their experience. The results show that realistic mechanics successfully created immersion for casual players, who enjoyed the challenge and the sense of accomplishment. However, competitive players found the realistic effort too slow and frustrating. Crucially, all participants agreed that the simple, low-poly art style did not ruin the experience; instead, the realistic gameplay made the world feel authentic. These findings suggest that indie developers do not need expensive graphics to create engaging games. By focusing on mechanics that require real effort and skill, developers can create immersive experiences that satisfy players' psychological needs. This study recommends that future games include difficulty options to balance the appeal of realistic mechanics for both casual and competitive audiences. Keywords: enactive realism, game immersion, simulation games, player engagement, low-poly graphics

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