Fundamental study of binding characteristic of catalyzed waste oils in the green production of roofing tiles

Teoh, Wei Ping (2018) Fundamental study of binding characteristic of catalyzed waste oils in the green production of roofing tiles. Master dissertation/thesis, UTAR.

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Abstract

Excessive waste disposal is one of theenvironmental issues to be addressed since a few decadesago. In addition, construction industry is responsible for great amount of energy consumption and high carbon dioxide emissions level during the manufacturing process of masonry units. In this study, an alternative approach for manufacturing of roofing tiles was proposed. This studyinvolved utilization of waste materials, including waste engine oil (WEO), used cooking oil (UCO) and fly ash to produce a novel, environmental friendly roofing tile. It is believed that the specific chemical reactions of waste oils (autocatalytic oxy-polymerization reaction) upon an extended heat curing process will induce the chemical changes in the waste oils to make them to become bindersfrom liquid form to rigid solid state.This binder is proved can produce roofing tile witha flexural strength which is comparable to that of the existing roofing tiles. The analytical studies on thechemical changes involved in the stiffening of binders, and their interaction with other raw materials were carried out by using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). In this study, four different types of innovated roofing tiles were producedusing different types of ingredients. A series of manufacturing process, such as mixing, compacting, coating and heat curing processes were carried out to determine the optimized parameters for the production of innovated roofing tiles. Standard specification tests for those roofing tiles were conducted in terms of flexural strength, water absorption and permeability as per requirement of American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTMC 67 –07a, C 1167 –03, and C 1492 –03). The flexural strength achieved by each roofing tileproduced from different ingredients is 3.26 MPa for WEO-GRT; 6.91 MPa for UCO-GRT; 3.25 MPa for WEO-RT and 10.5 MPa for UCO-RT.All of the tiles also have a percentage of water absorption lower than 6% and impermeable to water. All of them fulfill the requirements as per ASTM.Moreover, the embodied carbon (EC) and embodied energy (EE) of the innovated roofing tiles were found in between0.077 to 0.154 kgCO2/kg and 0.154 to 0.423 MJ/kg respectively, which is much lower with respect to the conventional roofing tiles. Conclusively, conversion of existing resources, recycled and reused waste materials, manufacture of environmental friendly roofing tiles are the prominent outcomes of this research study.

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