Effect of organic luminescence materials on carbon-based perovskite solar cell efficiency

Tejas, Sharma (2025) Effect of organic luminescence materials on carbon-based perovskite solar cell efficiency. Master dissertation/thesis, UTAR.

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Abstract

Integrating organic long persistent luminescence (OLPL) materials into carbonbased hole-transport free perovskite solar cells (C-PSCs) offers a favorable route to improving the performance and efficiency of next-generation photovoltaic cells. The majority of luminous materials in the market today are derived from an inorganic compound that needs extremely high processing temperatures and rare elements like dysprosium and europium. These materials are known as inorganic long-persistent luminescence (ILPL) materials. In the same way, OLPL materials, which are also known for their capacity to continue emitting light even after excitation stops, have special benefits for extending solar harvesting and optimizing energy conversion processes. PSCs have advanced significantly in the last few years, but there are still certain problems that prevent PSCs from being commercialized such as sensitivity to heat, light, and moisture, which cause instability and eventually reduce their performance. C-PSCs use carbon materials that can function as hole-transport layers (HTL) as well as extraction layers, helping to lower HTL not only lower production costs and improve the device's stability.The goal of this work was to develop LPL-based C-PSC by employing carbon paste as a counter electrode. Furthermore, in this work, the use of blended OLPL materials of N,N,N′, N'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), and 2,8- bis (diphenylphosphoryl) dibenzo [b,d] thiophene (PPT) in PSCs was also investigated. Using the melt-casting process, several samples with various ratios of TMB and PPT were prepared. PSCs were prepared where the compact and mesoporous solutions of the electron transport layer (ETL) were deposited on FTO substrate. Then light absorber layer of perovskite was applied over the ETL layer, followed by carbon electrode layer. A simple approach was adopted in which an active layer of LPL material was externally coupled to the C-PSCs, achieving the champion efficiency of 7.65% with ILPL at ambient conditions. Besides optimizing the PSCs device, the emission decay rate, overall performance, and the dynamics of charge kinetics were studied. Among the various samples of LPL, cell-3 (TMB: PPT 7:3) has the longest lifetime and the highest photon counts, suggesting the lower rate of electron decay. A successful evaluation was conducted on the all-day C-PSC with organic and ILPL materials. The C-PSC device was tested upto 1680 hours. Unfortunately, coupling the PSC sample with the OLPL layer did not exhibit positive effects. However, the results demonstrate that PSCs can be fabricated under ambient conditions, although further improvement is required in the configuration of PSC with LPL. Keywords: Perovskite Solar cells, Organic luminescence materials, photoluminescence, power conversion efficiency

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